The Culture of Futon: A Japanese Way of Sleeping

The futon is a traditional Japanese bedding system and represents a unique cultural approach to sleep and space management. Unlike Western-style beds, futons are laid directly on the floor—typically on tatami mats—and can be folded and stored away during the day. This reflects not only tradition but also the Japanese philosophy of simplicity, cleanliness, and versatility.

Basic Components of a Futon Set

Shikibuton (Mattress Futon): A thin mattress placed directly on the floor to sleep on.
Kakebuton (Quilt Futon): A comforter used to cover the body, varying in thickness depending on the season.
Makura (Pillow): Often filled with buckwheat hulls or other natural materials.
Blankets & Towels: Used as additional layers depending on the temperature.

Key Features of Futon Culture

1. Space-Saving and Flexible

Futons can be folded and stored in a closet (oshiire) during the day, allowing the same room to serve multiple functions.
Ideal for small homes or minimalist lifestyles.

2. Seasonal Adaptability

In summer, light materials like linen or towel blankets are used.
In winter, thicker comforters or even electric blankets are added for warmth.

3. Sun-Drying for Freshness

Futons are traditionally aired under the sun to eliminate moisture and bacteria.
This practice keeps the futon fluffy, hygienic, and long-lasting.

4. Natural and Breathable

Made with breathable materials suited to Japan’s humid climate.
Often used directly on tatami mats, which also aid in moisture control and comfort.

Futon Culture in the Modern World

While Western-style beds are now common in Japan, futons are still valued for their comfort, practicality, and space-saving benefits.
Globally, “Japanese futons” have gained popularity, especially among those who embrace minimalism or natural living.
Modern futons with extra padding are also available for use on hardwood or laminate floors, even in non-tatami homes.

Futon and Mindfulness

Spreading out your futon at night and folding it up in the morning is more than a habit—it can be a mindful ritual that helps you transition between rest and daily life. This simple act contributes to a sense of rhythm, order, and calm.